Introduction to moribana: Moribana literally means 'piled-up flowers'. This expressive style of using plant materials and flowers was introduced at the beginning of the twentieh century by Ushin Ohara, the first headmaster of the Ohara School. The designs are made in shallow containers and the style of arrangement is largely determined by the plant materials available. The moribana arrangements described here are the basis for many more complicated and exciting designs that will be ilustrated later in the book. All of these will be easier to understand if you master the rules and techniques of moribana first.